Consideration the effect of Thrichoderma harzianum on windy erosion control of Azadegan plain sandy soil at laboratory and wind tunnel

Wind is an important erosive force in deserts, where limited cover of vascular plant material offers little soil-surface protection. Erosion and sediment from soil surfaces occurs when wind forces exceed soil threshold friction velocities. Soils with physical or biological crusts usually resist wind erosion. This study was conducted by the aim of investigation the effect of Trichoderma harzianum on windy erosion control of a sandy soil as factorial in a completely randomized design under two inoculation treatments (inoculated with Trichoderma harzianum and not inoculated), two water treatments (80% FC and dry) and three times treatments (15, 30 and 45 days). After passing each time treatment, penetration resistance, microbial biomass carbon, respiration and some physical properties of soil was measured. The results showed that by increasing the period of experiment from 15 to 45 days under 80 % FC moisture, penetration resistance from 2.85 to 4.5 kg/cm2, bulk density from 1.49 to 1.55gr/cm3 increased significantly. Electrical conductivity, soil respiration and microbial biomass carbon of soil demonstrated increasingly trend. Whereas soil pH decreased by the result of increasing of fungus growth and also its acidic metabolites exudates. The samples with highest penetration resistance (45 days treatments under 80 % FC level) were placed in wind tunnel and showed no erosion at speed of 12 meters per second.