The effect of biofertilizers on the growth and yield of three rainfed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars

Document Type : Complete scientific research article

Authors

1 master of scienceAssistant professor of soil and water research institute, Lorestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Khoramabad, Iran.

2 Assistant professor of soil and water research institute, Khuzestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Ahvaz, Iran.

3 Researcher of Irrigation and Drainage, Lorestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Khoramabad, Iran.

Abstract

Background and purpose: Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is one of the crops that has a high nutritional value and can be used as animal feed and cover crop to increase soil fertility, as well as has various applications in the food industry. One of the cheap and accessible methods for farmers to increase the efficiency of food elements is to use of efficient crop cultivars. Based on the principles of sustainable agriculture, one of the methods to improve the nutrition of crops is to use of biological fertilizers. Considering the importance of barley cultivation in Lorestan province, this study was conducted in order to investigate the effect of biological fertilizer and compare common cultivars in this region.
Materials and methods: In order to investigate the growth response of some barley cultivars to biofertilizer, an experiment was conducted in the form of split plots in the form of a randomized complete block design with three replications in 2014-2016. The main plot includes three varieties of barley including Mahor (M), Izeh (I) and Khorram (K). The sub-plot of four types of biofertilizer treatments included control (without biofertilizer), Azotobacter (A), mycorrhizal (M) and Azotobacter + mycorrhizal (AM). Barley seeds were inoculated with biofertilizers according to their instructions before planting. The seeds were poured on nylon in the shade, and one package of biological fertilizer per hectare was dissolved in an appropriate volume of chlorine-free water, and after filtering the fertilizer solution with a thin cloth, it was sprayed on the seeds with a sprayer and mixed well. All of them should be evenly coated with fertilizer. At the time of plant harvesting, some growth characteristics including seed yield, straw yield, number of seeds per spike, number of spikes per square meter and weight of 1000 seeds per plot were measured.
Results: The result of analysis of variance showed that cultivar has a significant effect on grain yield, straw yield, number of seeds per spike, number of spikes per square meter, and thousand grain weight. The result of the average comparison showed that the highest grain yield, straw yield, number of seeds per cluster, number of clusters per square meter and weight of 1000 seeds are related to M-AM treatment. As a result, Mahor variety had the highest grain yield compared to other two varieties. Among the fertilizers used, Azotobacter + Mycorrhiza was the most effective. Therefore, the interaction effect of these two treatments has the greatest effect on grain yield (4931 kg/ha), straw yield (8797 kg/ha), number of seeds per spike (16), number of spikes per square meter (546) and weight of 1000 seeds (17.8 grams).
Conclusion: results showed that in order to achieve the highest seed yield, it is suggested to cultivate Mahor cultivar along with Azotobacter and Mycorrhiza treatment in the region. It is necessary to evaluate other cultivars and other biofertilizers in the region.

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References

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Journal of Soil Management and Sustainable Production
Volume 14, Issue 1
April 2024
Pages 131-145

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