نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل علمی پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود
2 دانشیار دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود
3 موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Abstract
Background and purpose: Total soil organic carbon is an indicator of soil quality. This index responds to changes in soil management slowly, studying the more unstable components of soil organic carbon may lead to a better diagnosis of the effect of changes in fertilizer management on soil quality. One of the components of organic carbon used for this purpose is activated or unstable carbon. Two soils with the same amount of organic carbon have different amounts of active carbon. The organic carbon stock and its changes have a direct effect on soil quality and fertility and is considered as an indicator of soil quality.
Research method: This research was carried out in the form of a basic design of randomized complete blocks with nine treatments in three replications and at two depths of 0-15 and 15-30 cm in the research farm of the Soil and Water Research Institute, crop year 1399-1400.
In each station in the desired experimental farm, 9 treatments were applied in three replications in the form of a randomized complete block design, and in the carbon experiment, sampling from two depths was carried out in the following nine treatments. Test treatments:
1T) (NP)
2T) (T0)
3T) (TNPK)
4T) (T(M20+N75+PK50))
5T) (T(C20+N75+PK50))
6T) (T(M20+N75))
7T) (T(C20+N75))
8T) (T(M10+M10))
9T) (T(C10+C10+MF)
The operation of planting, harvesting and sampling from two soil depths was carried out based on correct technical principles. Measurement of desired carbon indicators, including total and active carbon, were measured on the samples in the laboratory based on approved laboratory methods. The results were analyzed with SAS statistical software.
Findings: Comparison of the average of different treatments in planting corn plants at a depth of 0 to 15 cm in the seventh treatment compared to the control; Total soil organic carbon, total soil organic carbon index and soil carbon management index had a significant difference at the statistical level of five percent. The level of these indicators compared to the witness, respectively; There was an increase of 68.98, 68.11 and 102.30 percent, which was affected by the combined use of organic and chemical fertilizers. Also, the fourth treatment (application of 20 tons of cow manure once every two years + application of 75% of the recommended amount of nitrogen + application of 50% of the recommended amount of phosphorus and potassium) shows an increase of active organic carbon by 12.76% compared to the control. Again, in the fourth treatment, it is caused by the combined use of organic and chemical fertilizers.
Conclusion: The results of this research showed that; In the test period, the use of chemical and organic fertilizers alone had no significant effect on the total soil organic carbon and carbon management index, while the combined use of organic and chemical fertilizers had the most positive effect on increasing the soil organic carbon management index. Considering the superiority and positive effect of the seventh treatment, on the carbon management index and soil organic carbon index, as well as the positive effect on increasing crop yield; Rapeseed, corn and wheat, it is suggested in the nutrition program of the studied crops, along with chemical fertilizers, compared to the management of organic fertilizers, at least 10 to 20 tons per hectare (municipal waste compost + 75% of the recommended amount of nitrogen). done) every year or every other year at a depth of 0-15 soil (surface).
کلیدواژهها [English]
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