کارایی نانوذرات اکسید روی (ZnO NP) سنتز شده بر جذب روی و برخی شاخص‌های رشدی گندم

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد گروه خاکشناسی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

2 استادیار گروه خاکشناسی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

3 استادیار آزمایشگاه تحقیقاتی شیمی پلیمر دانشکده علوم دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

4 دانشیار گروه خاکشناسی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

چکیده

سابقه و هدف: کمبود عناصر مغذی کم مصرف نظیر روی یکی از مشکلات رایج در خاک‌های سراسر دنیا به ویژه خاک‌های آهکی است. از این رو، استفاده از روش‌های نوین از جمله نانوذرات اکسید روی جهت بهبود وضعیت تغذیه‌ای این عنصر در محصولات زراعی رو به افزایش است. مطالعات زیادی نشان دادند که استفاده از نانوذرات اکسید روی موجب بهبود عملکرد گیاه می‌شود. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی اثرات نانوذرات اکسید روی بر عملکرد، غلظت و جذب روی در ریشه و اندام هوایی گندم تحت کشت گلخانه‌ای در یک خاک آهکی انجام شد.
مواد و روش‌ها: این پژوهش در شرایط گلخانه‌ای و در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل نانوذرات اکسید روی (ZnO NP) به مقدار 100، 200 و 300 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم، کود شیمیایی سولفات روی (ZnSO4) به مقدار 40 کیلوگرم در هکتار و تیمار شاهد بودند. طی دوره آزمایش ویژگی‌هایی مانند ارتفاع گیاه و شاخص کلروفیل اندازه‌گیری شد. در پایان دوره کشت، وزن خشک و غلظت روی ریشه، اندام هوایی و دانه با استفاده از دستگاه جذب اتمی اندازه‌گیری شد. همچنین پ .هاش و مقدار روی قابل دسترس خاک نیز با استفاده از عصاره‌گیر DTPA اندازه‌گیری شد.
یافته‌ها: مقدار روی قابل دسترس خاک در هر یک از سطوح نانوذرات اکسید روی نسبت به تیمار شاهد افزایش معنی‌داری در سطح یک درصد نشان داد. بیشترین مقدار روی قابل دسترس خاک در سطح 300 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم نانوذرات اکسید روی با افزایش 73/52% نسبت به تیمار شاهد مشاهده شد. تأثیر تیمارهای نانوذرات اکسید روی و سولفات روی بر وزن خشک اندام هوایی، ارتفاع بوته و کلروفیل در سطح 1 درصد و بر وزن خشک ریشه در سطح 5 درصد معنی‌دار بود. ترتیب عملکرد اندام هوایی و ریشه، غلظت و جذب روی در تیمارها به صورت ZnSO4 < ZnO NP100 < ZnO NP200 < ZnO NP300 بود. بیشترین مقدار عملکرد ریشه، ساقه و دانه در سطح 300 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم نانوذرات اکسید روی به ترتیب با افزایش 02/43 % ، 91/24 % و 08/37 % نسبت به تیمار شاهد به‌دست آمد. بیشترین مقدار غلظت روی در ریشه و اندام هوایی به ترتیب با افزایش 11/62 % و 19/111 % در سطح 300 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم نانوذرات اکسید روی نسبت به تیمار شاهد مشاهده شد. بیشترین مقدار غلظت و جذب روی دانه نیز در سطح 300 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم مشاهده شد.
نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج نشان داد که استفاده از نانوذرات اکسید روی موجب افزایش عملکرد، غلظت و جذب عنصر روی ریشه و اندام هوایی گندم شد. بنابراین می‌توان کاربرد نانوذرات را به عنوان یکی از روش‌های نوین جهت بهبود عملکرد و کیفیت محصولات زراعی و کاهش استفاده از کودهای شیمیایی در نظر گرفت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effectiveness of synthesized ZnO nanoparticles on Zn uptake and some growth indices of wheat

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Abdollahi 1
  • Mojtaba Norouzi masir 2
  • Mehdi Taghavi zahedkolaei 3
  • Abdolamir Moezzi 4
1 M.Sc, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran
2 Assistant Professor of Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid chamran university of Ahvaz, Iran
3 Assistant Professor of Polymer Chemistry Research Laboratory, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran
4 Associate Professor of Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran
چکیده [English]

The effectiveness of synthesized ZnO nanoparticles on Zn uptake and some growth indices of wheat

Background and Objectives: Micronutrient deficiency like Zinc is one of the common problems in worldwide soils especially calcareous soils. Therefore, application of new methods including Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles is increasing to improve of nutritional status of this element in crops. Many studies showed that ZnO Nanoparticles application lead to increase of plant yield. Thus, present study was conducted to investigate of ZnO Nanoparticles effects on yield, concentration and uptake of Zn in root, shoot and grain of wheat under greenhouse cultivation in a calcareous soil.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in greenhouse condition as a randomized complete design with three replications. Treatment consisted of three levels of Zinc Nanoparticles (100, 200 and 300 mg.kg-1), ZnSO4 (40 kg.ha-1) and Control. During the experiment, some parameters such as plant height and chlorophyll index were measured. At the end of cultivation period, dry weight and Zn concentration of root, shoot and grain was determined using Atomic absorption. As well as,pH and soil available zinc was measured using DTPA extraction.
Results: The amount of soil available Zn in all levels of ZnO Nanoparticles was significantly (p < 0.01) increased compared to control. The maximum amount of soil available Zn was observed in level of 300 mg.kg-1 ZnO Nanoparticles with 52.73% increment compared to control. The sequence of shoot and root yield, concentration and uptake of Zn in treatments was as follow: ZnSO4 < ZnO NP100 < ZnO NP200 < ZnO NP300. The maximum yield of root, shoot and grain was obtained in level of 300 mg.kg-1 of ZnO Nanoparticles with 43.02, 24.91 and 37.08% increment compared to control, respectively. The maximum concentration of Zn was observed in root and shoot in level of 300 mg.kg-1 of ZnO Nanoparticles with 62.11 and 111.19% increment compared to control, respectively. As well as, maximum concentration and uptake of Zn of grain was observed in level of 300 mg.kg-1 of ZnO Nanoparticles.
Conclusions: The results showed that application of ZnO Nanoparticles was increased yield, concentration and uptake of Zn in root and shoot of Wheat. Therefore, application of nanoparticles can be considered as one of the new methods for improving the yield and quality of crops and reducing the use of chemical fertilizers. The results showed that application of ZnO Nanoparticles was increased yield, concentration and uptake of Zn in root and shoot of Wheat. Therefore, application of nanoparticles can be considered as one of the new methods for improving the yield and quality of crops and reducing the use of chemical fertilizers.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chemical Fertilizer
  • Zn Uptake
  • Wheat
  • ZnO Nanoparticles

مراجع

1.Aladjadjiyan, A. 2007. The use of physical methods for plant growing stimulation in Bulgaria. J. Central Europ. Agric. 8: 3. 369-380.

2.Alloway, B.J. 2009. Soil factors associated with zinc deficiency in crops and humans. Environmental Geochemistry and Health. 31: 5. 537-548.

3.Amirjani, M.R., Askary Mehrabadi, M., and Azizmohamadi, F. 2016. Effect of ZnO nanoparticles on vegetative factors, elements content and photosynthetic pigments of wheat (Triticum aestivum). Plant Biol. J. 27: 8. 34-48. (In Persian)

4.Avinash, C.P., Sharda, S.S., and Raghavendra, S.Y. 2010. Application of ZnO nanoparticles in influencing the growth rate of Cicer arietinum. J. Exp. Nanosci. 5: 6. 488-497.
5.Black, C.A., Evans, D.D., White, J.L., Ensminger, L.E., and Clark, F.E. 1965. Methods of soil analysis: Part 2. Agronomy Monogr, ASA, Madison, WI.

6.Borrill, P., Connorton, J.M., Balk, J., Miller, A.J., Sanders, D., and Uauy, C. 2014. Biofortification of wheat grain with iron and zinc: integrating novel genomic resources and knowledge from model crops. Frontiers in plant science. 21: 5. 53.

7.Burman, U., Mahesh, S., and Praveen, K. 2013. Effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles on growth and antioxidant system of chickpea seedlings. Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry. 95: 4. 605-612.
8.Dhoke, S.K., Mahajan, P., Kamble, R., and Khanna, A. 2013. Effect of nanoparticles suspensions on the growth of mung (Vigna radiata) seedlings by foliar spray method. Nanotechnology Development. 3: 1. 1-5.

9.Dimkpa, C.O., Calder, A., Britt, D.W., McLean, J.E., and Anderson, A.J. 2011. Responses of a soil bacterium, Pseudomonas chlororaphis O6 to commercial metal oxide nanoparticles compared with responses to metal ions. Environmental Pollution. 159: 7. 1749-1756.

10.Dorostkar, V., Afyuni, M., and Khoshgoftarmanesh, A. 2013. Effects of proceeding crop residues on total and bio-available zinc concentration and phytica concentration in wheat grain. J. Water Soil Sci. (J. Sci. Technol. Agric. Natur. Resour.). 17: 64. 81-93. (In Persian)

11.Du, W., Sun, Y., Ji, R., Zhu, J., Wu, J., and Guo, H. 2011. TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles negatively affect wheat growth and soil enzyme activities in agricultural soil. J. Environ. Monitor. 13: 4. 822-828.
 12.Gupta, P.K. 2004. Soil, Plant, Water and Fertilizer Analysis. Agrobios (India), 438p.
13.Hsieh, C.H. 2007. Spherical zinc oxide nano particles from zinc acetate in the precipitation method. J. Chine. Chem. Soc. 54: 1. 31-34.
14.Kadkhodaie, A., Kalbasi, M., Solhi, M., Nadian, H., and Gholami, A. 2014. Effect of applying plant residues and zinc sulfate on chemical forms of zinc in rhizosphere and bulk soil and its relationship to wheat grain. J. Appl. Sci. Agric. 9: 3. 942-947.
15.Klute, A. 1986. Methods of soil analysis, Part 1: physical and mineralogical methods. Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI.
16.Kole, C., Kumar, D.S., and Khodakovskaya, M.V. 2016. Plant Nanotechnology: Principles and Practices. Springer.
17.Kumar, P., and Arora, J.S. 2000. Effect of micronutrients on gladiolus. J. Ornam. Hort. New Ser. 3: 2. 91-93.

18.Lanje, A.S., Sharma, S.J., Ningthoujam, R.S., Ahn, J.S., and Pode, R.B. 2013. Low temperature dielectric studies of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles prepared by precipitation method. Adv. Powder Technol. 24: 331-335.

19.Lin, D.H., and Xing, B. 2008. Root uptake and Phytotosicity of ZnO nanoparticles. Environmental Science and Technology. 42: 5580-5585.

20.Lin, D.H., and Xing, B.S. 2007. Phytotoxicity of nanoparticles: inhibition of seed germination and root elongation. Environ. Pollut. 150: 243-250.

21.Lindsay, W.L. 1979. Chemical equilibria in soils. John Wiley and Sons Ltd.

22.Lindsay, W.L., and Norvell, W.A. 1978. Development of a DTPA soil test for zinc, iron, manganese and copper. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 43: 421-428.

23.López-Moreno, M.L., de la Rosa, G., Hernández-Viezcas, J.Á., Castillo-Michel, H., Botez, C.E., Peralta-Videa, J.R., and Gardea-Torresdey, J.L. 2010. Evidence of the differential biotransformation and genotoxicity of ZnO and CeO2 nanoparticles on soybean (Glycine max) plants. Environmental science and technology. 44: 19. 7315-7320.

24.Ma, X., Geiser-Lee, J., Deng, Y., and Kolmakov, A. 2010. Interactions between engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) and plants: phytotoxicity, uptake and accumulation. Science of the total environment. 408: 16. 3053-3061.

25.Mahajan, P., Dhoke, S.K., and Khanna, A.S. 2011. Effect of nano-ZnO particle suspension on growth of mung (Vigna radiata) and gram (Cicer arietinum) seedlings using plant agar method. J. Nanotechnol. 1: 1-7.
26.Malakouti, M.J. 2005. Important role of zinc in enhancing crop yield and improving human health. General Meeting of Third world Academey of Science. TWAS 16th. Alexandria, Egypt.

27.Malakouti, M.J., and Homaee, M. 2004. Fertility of arid and semi-arid soils: Problems and solutions. Tarbiat Modares University. 482p. (In Persian)

28.Marschner, H. 2012. Marschner's mineral nutrition of higher plants. Academic press.
pp. 214-225.
29.Maurya, R., and Kumar, A. 2014. Effect of micronutrients on growth and corm yield of gladiolus. Plant Arch. 14: 1. 529-533.
30.Mazaherinia, S., Astaraei, A.R., Fotovat, A., and Monshi, A. 2010. Nano iron oxide particles efficiency on Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu concentrations in wheat plant. World Appl. Sci. J. 7: 1. 36-40.
31.Milani, P., Malakouti, M.J., Khademi, Z., Balali, M., and Mashayekhi, M. 1998. A fertilizer recommendation model for the wheat field of Iran. Soil and Water Research Institute, Tehran, Iran. (In Persian)

32.Moghaddasi, S., Fotovat, A., Khoshgoftarmanesh, A.H., Karimzadeh, F., Khazaei, H.R., and Khorassani, R. 2017. Bioavailability of coated and uncoated ZnO nanoparticles to cucumber in soil with or without organic matter. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety. 144: 543-551.

33.Moghaddasi, S., Khoshgoftarmanesh, A.H., Karimzadeh, F., and Chaney, R.L. 2015.
Fate and effect of tire rubber ash nano-particles (RANPs) incucumber. Ecotox Environ. Safe. 115: 137-143.

34.Moghaddasi, S., Khoshgoftarmanesh, A.H., Karimzadeh, F., and Chaney, R.L. 2013. Preparation of nano-particles from waste tire rubber and evaluation of their effectiveness as zinc source for cucumber in nutrient solution culture. Sci. Hortic. 160: 398-403.

35.Monreal, C.M., Derosa, M., Mallubhotla, S.C., Bindeaban, P.S., and Dimkpa, C. 2015. Nanotechnologies for increasing the crop use efficiency of fertilizer-micronutrients. Boil Fertile Soils. 52: 423-437.

36.Mortvedt, J.J. 1985. Plant uptake of heavy metals in zinc fertilizers made from industrial
by-products. J. Environ. Qual. 14: 424-427.
37.Mousavi, S.R., Galavi, M., and Rezaei, M. 2013. Zinc (Zn) importance for crop production, A review. Inter. J. Agron. Plant Prod. 4: 1. 64-68.

38.Mukherjee, A., Sun, Y., Morelius, E., Tamez, C., Bandyopadhyay, S., Niu, G., White, J.C., Peralta-Videa, J.R., and Gardea-Torresdey, J.L. 2016. Differential toxicity of bare and hybrid ZnO nanoparticles in green pea (Pisum sativum L.): A life cycle study. Front. Plant Sci.

39.Naderi, M., and Abedi, A. 2012. Application of nanotechnology in agriculture and refinement of environmental pollutant. J. Nanotechnol. 11: 1. 18-26.
40.Olsen, S.R., and Sommers, L.E. 1982. Phosphorus. Methods of soil analysis. Part 2. Chemical and microbiological properties, (methods of soil an2), Pp: 403-430.
41.Pandey, A., Sanjay, S.S., and Yadav, R.S. 2010. Application of ZnO nanoparticlesin influencing the growth rate of Cicer arietinum. J. Experiencement. Nanosci. 5: 6. 488-497.
42.Prasad, T.N.V.K.V., Sudhakar, P., Sreenivasulu, Y., Latha, P., Munaswamy, V., Raja Reddy, K., Sreeprasad, T.S., and Sajanlal, P.R., and Pradeep, T. 2012. Effect of nanoscale zinc oxide particles on the germination, growth and yield of Peanut. J. Plant Nutr. 35: 6. 905-927.
43.Priester, J.H., Ge, Y., Mielke, R.E., Horst, A.M., Moritz, S.C., Espinosa, K., Gelb, J., Walker, S.L., Nisbet, R.M., An, Y.J., Schimel, J.P., Palmer, R.G., Viezcas, J.A.H., Zhao, L., Torresdey, J.L.G., and Holden, P.A. 2012. Soybean susceptibility to manufactured nanomaterials with evidence for food quality and soil fertility interruption. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 109: 2451-2456.
44.Raliya, R., and Tarafdar, J.C. 2013. ZnO nanoparticle biosynthesis and its effect on phosphorous-mobilizing enzyme secretion and gum contents in cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.). Agric Res. 2: 48-57.
45.Razzaq, A., Ammara, R., Jhanzab, H.M., Mahmood, T., Hafeez, A., and Hussain, S. 2015. A novel nanomaterial to enhance growth and yield of wheat. J. Nanosci. Technol. 2: 1. 55-58.

46.Rhoades, J.D. 1996. Salinity: electrical conductivity and total dissolved solids. Methods of Soil Analysis, Pp: 417-435.

47.Roy, R.N., Finck, A., Blair, G.J., and Tandon, H.L.S. 2006. Plant nutrition for food security. A guide for integrated nutrient management. FAO Fertilizer and Plant Nutrition Bulletin.
16: 207-208.

48.Shankramma, K., Yallappa, S., Shivanna, M.B., and Manjanna, J. 2015. Fe2O3 magnetic nanoparticles to enhance S. lycopersicum (tomato) plant growth and their biomineralization. Applied Nanoscience. 6: 983-990.
49.Suriyaprabha, R., Karunakaran, G., Yuvakkumar, R., Prabu, P., Rajendran, V., and Kannan, N. 2012. Growth and physiological responses of maize (Zea mays L.) to porous silica nanoparticles in soil. J. Nanopart. Res. 14: 12. 1-14.

50.Tarafdar, J.C., Raliya, R., Mahawar, H., and Rathore, I. 2014. Development of zinc nanofertilizer to enhance crop production in pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum). Agric. Res. 3: 257-262.

51.Torney, F., Trewyn, G.B., Lin, V.S.Y., and Wang, K. 2007. Mesoporous silica nanoparticlesdeliver DNA and chemicals into plants. Nanotechnol. 2: 295-300.

52.Venkatachalam, P., Priyanka, N., Manikandan, K., Ganeshbabu, I., Indiraarulselvi, P., Geetha, N., and Sahi, S.V. 2017. Enhanced plant growth promoting role of phycomolecules coated zinc oxide nanoparticles with P supplementation in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 110: 118-127.
53.Walker, L. 2005. Nanotechnology for agriculture, food and the environment Presentation at Nanotechnology Biology Interface: Exploring models for oversight, University of Minnesota, USA.
54.Wang, Y.X.A., and Oyaizu, H. 2009. Evaluation of the phytoremediation potential of four plant species for dibenzofu-ran-contaminated soil. J. Hazard. Mater. 168: 760-764.

55.Watson, J.L., Fang, T., Dimkpa, C.O., Britt, D.W., McLean, J.E., Jacobson, A., and Anderson, A.J. 2015. The phytotoxicity of ZnO nanoparticles on wheat varies with soil properties. Biometals. 28: 1. 101-112.

56.Zhang, L., Su, M., Liu, C., Chen, L., Huang, H., Wu, X., Liu, X., Yang, F., Gao, F., and Hong, F. 2007. Antioxidant stress is promoted by nano-anatase in spinach chloroplasts Under UV-B radiation. Biol. Trace Elem. Res. 121: 1. 69-79.

مجله مدیریت خاک و تولید پایدار
دوره 8، شماره 1
شهریور 1397
صفحه 125-141

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار