اصلاح خاک شور-سدیمی دارای بافت رسی به وسیله کربن آلی محلول

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده علوم زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران.

2 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد شیمی خاک، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران.

3 استاد گروه علوم خاک، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران.

4 استادیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران.

چکیده

سابقه و هدف: اصلاح خاک های شور- سدیمی به وسیله مواد آلی به طور وسیعی به عنوان یک روش ارزان قیمت و مناسب به جای مواد معدنی گزارش شده است. بررسی ها نشان می دهد که کاربرد اصلاح کننده های آلی در خاکهای شور-سدیمی می تواند به وسیله بالا بردن مقدار عناصر غذایی خاک و فراوانی ارگانیسم های خاک، رشد گیاهان مقاوم به شوری را افزایش دهد. در هر حال مطالعه ای در مورد تأثیر افزودن کربن آلی محلول بر اصلاح خاک شور- سدیمی گزارش نشده است. لذا هدف از این مطالعه، بررسی نقش کربن آلی محلول بر اصلاح خاک شور- سدیمی با بافت رسی می باشد.
مواد و روش ها: در این پژوهش پتانسیل اصلاحی کربن آلی محلول بر برخی ویژگی های شیمیایی، از جمله غلظت کاتیون ها و آنیون های محلول خاک شور- سدیمی با بافت رسی نمونه برداری شده از منطقه کرفون واقع در استان مازندران، مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. کربن آلی محلول از عصاره ی باگاس نیشکر، کود مرغی و کود گاوی به همراه آب مقطر تهیه شده و در سه سطح (0، 100 و 200 میلی گرم بر لیتر کربن آلی محلول) به خاک افزوده شدند. آزمایش ها در دو مرحله ی انکوباسیون و آبشویی انجام شد و پس از هر آزمایش غلظت سدیم، پتاسیم، کلسیم، منیزیم و کلر محاسبه گردید.
یافته ها: یافته ها حاکی از آن است که در مرحله انکوباسیون کاربرد کربن آلی محلول، موجب افزایش غلظت عناصر محلول و هدایت الکتریکی، نسبت به خاک شاهد گردید، اما میزان پ-هاش خاک را کاهش داد. در آزمایشات آبشویی بیشترین میزان عناصر موجود در زه آب، مربوط به خاک های تیمار شده با غلظت کربن آلی محلول بالاتر (200 میلی گرم بر لیتر) بود. نتایج حاصل از آنالیز خاک درون ستون ها پس از آزمایش آبشویی نشان داد که در تمامی خاک های تیمار شده با کربن آلی محلول، هدایت الکتریکی و نسبت جذب سدیم نسبت به خاک شاهد کاهش یافت، که بیشترین میزان کاهش مربوط به خاک های تیمار شده با 200 میلی گرم بر لیتر کربن آلی محلول عصاره باگاس بود.
نتیجه گیری: اگرچه کربن آلی محلول غلظت عناصر سدیم، پتاسیم، کلسیم، منیزیم و کلر را در مرحله ی انکوباسیون افزایش داد، آبشویی نمک ها در حضور کربن آلی محلول بیشتر بود. از این رو، پس از آزمایش آبشویی کربن آلی محلول مشتق شده از باگاس در بالاترین سطح مصرف خاک شور-سدیمی را اصلاح کرد. بنابراین، کاربرد این تیمار جهت اصلاح خاک شور-سدیمی در منطقه مورد مطالعه توصیه می گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Reclamation of saline- sodic soil with Clay texture using Dissolved Organic Carbon

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fardin Sadegh Zadeh 1
  • Samaneh hassantabar 2
  • MohammadAli Bahmanyar 3
  • Bahi jalili 4
1 Associate Professor of Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources university, Sari, Iran.
2 Master of Soil Chemistry, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran.
3 Professor of Soil Science Department, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran.
4 Assistant Professor of Soil Science Department, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Background and Objective: Amelioration of saline-sodic soils by organic matter has been widely reported as a cheap and suitable alternative to minerals. Investigations shows that application of organic modifiers in saline-sodic soils can directly or indirectly increase the growth of salt tolerant plants by increasing soil nutrient content and the abundance of soil organisms. However, no study has been done on the effect of dissolve organic carbon (DOC) on reclamation of saline-sodic soil. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the role of DOC on amelioration of saline-sodic soil with clay tissue.
Materials and Methods: In this research, the ameliorative potential of DOC on some chemical properties, including the concentration of soluble cations and anions of saline- sodic soil with clay texture was studied in the Karfoon area in Mazandaran province. Treatments included sugar cane extract, poultry manure and cow manure, added to saline-sodic soil at three levels (0, 100 and 200 mg per liter of DOC). The experiments were carried out in two stages of incubation and leaching, the soils were analyzed after each stage and the concentration of the elements and the electrical conductivity and their sodium adsorption ratio were calculated.
Results: The results indicate that in the incubation stage, application of DOC increased the amount of soluble elements and electrical conductivity compared to the control soil. In the leaching experiments, the highest amount of elements in the leachate was related to the soils treated with higher concentrations of DOC (200 mg / L). Results from analysis of soil in columns after leaching stage showed that in all soils treated with DOC, electrical conductivity and sodium adsorption ratio decreased compared to control soil, the highest reduction was observed in soils treated with 200 mg/L Bagasse extract.
Conclusion: Results showed that application of DOC in the incubation stage increased concentration of elements and electrical conductivity of the soil compared to the control soil, but decreased the pH level compared to the control soil. Therefore, application of DOC alone will not have a significant effect on the amelioration of saline-sodic soils. Results of the leaching stage show that leaching was effective in reducing the salinity and the sodium content of the soil, regardless of the modifier application, although the addition of DOC has increased this effect . In general, it can be concluded that application of DOC can increase the displacement of sodium on exchange sites and and accelerate its leaching by increasing the concentration of soluble bivalent cations.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Dissolved organic carbon
  • Saline- sodic soil
  • Leaching
  • Sodium adsorption ratio
  • Electerical conductivity

مراجع

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مجله مدیریت خاک و تولید پایدار
دوره 8، شماره 1
شهریور 1397
صفحه 159-174

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