اثر سودوموناس فلورسنت دارای فعالیت ACC دآمیناز بر غلظت عناصر غذایی کم‌نیاز، وزن ریشه و عملکرد بیولوژیک برنج (Oryza sativa L.) تحت تنش شوری

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته دکتری ،گروه علوم خاک، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

2 استاد مؤسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی

3 استادیار بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی مازندران،

4 مربی پژوهش بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی مازندران

چکیده

سابقه و هدف: شـوری خاک و آب آبیاری از عمـده‌تـرین عوامـل محدودکننـده رشـد گیاهان و تولید محصول در کشاورزی محسوب می‌شود. شوری آب و خاک غالباً از طریق افزایش فشار اسمزی محلول خاک، سمیت ویژه یون‌هایی چون سدیم و کلر و همچنین عدم توازن تغذیه‌ای، رشد گیاهان را محدود می‌کند. علاوه بر این، تنش شوری از طریق افزایش سطح هورمون اتیلن گیاه موجب کاهش رشد ریشه و رشد عمومی گیاه می‌شود. یکی از سازوکارهای مقابله با شوری، تلقیح بذر و یا ریشه گیاهان زراعی با باکتری‌ها محرک رشد گیاه می‌باشد.
مواد و روش‌ها: به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر چهار سویه از باکتری‌های سودوموناس فلورسنت بر غلظت عناصر غذایی کم‌نیاز تحت شرایط آبیاری با آب‌شور در برنج آزمایش گلدانی به‌صورت فاکتوریل، در قالب طرح پایه کاملاً تصادفی در چهار تکرار انجام شد. فاکتور اول شامل پنج سطح شوری آب آبیاری (7/0، 4/1، 8/2، 2/4، 6/5 دسی‌زیمنس بر ‌متر از منبع آب دریا) و فاکتور دوم شامل چهار زاد مایه (سودوموناس پوتیدا 4، سودوموناس پوتیدا 11، سودوموناس پوتیدا 108، سودوموناس فلورسنس 169) و یک تیمار بدون تلقیح بود. ریشه نشاء برنج رقم طارم پس از تلقیح با سویه‌های موردنظر در گلدان‌ها کاشته شدند. آبیاری با تیمارهای مختلف آب‌شور در طول دوره رشد گیاه در حد اشباع انجام گردید. جهت تعیین غلظت عناصر غذایی منگنز، آهن، روی و مس نمونه‌برگ تهیه شد. پس از برداشت دانه برای تعیین میزان عناصر غذایی، نمونه بذر به آزمایشگاه منتقل گردید.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد با افزایش شوری آب آبیاری، غلظت کلیه عناصر غذایی کم‌نیاز در برگ و دانه برنج به‌طور معنی‌داری کاهش یافت. تلقیح برنج با سویه‌های مختلف باکتری‌های سودوموناس فلورسنس و پوتیدا در شرایط آبیاری با آب‌شور بر جذب عناصر غذایی کم‌نیاز در برنج مؤثر بود و باعث افزایش معنی‌دار غلظت این عناصر نسبت به تیمارهای تلقیح نشده گردید. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که اثر متقابل تلقیح باکتری و سطوح شوری بر غلظت مس و آهن برگ و همچنین بر غلظت مس و منگنز دانه در سطح احتمال یک درصد معنی‌دار شد و در تمامی سطوح شوری، تیمارهای تلقیح شده با سویه سودوموناس فلورسنس 169 بیشترین غلظت آهن برگ را دارا بود.
نتیجه‌گیری: تلقیح برنج با سویه‌های مختلف باکتری‌های سودوموناس فلورسنس و پوتیدا در شرایط آبیاری با آب‌شور در تخفیف اثرات شوری در شرایط گلدانی مؤثر بود و باعث افزایش غلظت عناصر غذایی کم نیاز نسبت به سطح بدون تلقیح گردید. بنابراین در شرایط آبیاری با آب شور می‌توان از سویه‌های سودوموناس پوتیدا 11، سودوموناس پوتیدا 108، سودوموناس فلورسنس 169 به‌عنوان باکتری‌های محرک رشد گیاه در کاهش اثرات شوری استفاده نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of fluorescent pseudomonads with ACC deaminase activity on micronutrients concentration, root weight and biological yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.) under salinity stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • sareh Rajabi Agereh 1
  • kazem khavazi 2
  • mahmoud reza Ramezanpoure 3
  • mehran Afzali 4
1 Dept. of Soil Science, Mazandaran Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center
2 Dept. of Soil Science, Soil and Water Research Institute
3 Dept. of Soil Science, Mazandaran Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education center
4 mehran_afzalichali@yahoo.com
چکیده [English]

Background and objectives: Soil and water salinity is the major limiting factors for plant growth and crop production. Water and soil salinity almost limit plant growth through increasing osmotic pressure, specific toxicity of some ions such as sodium and color, and nutritional imbalance. In addition to, salinity stress reduces root and plant growth via increasing hormone level. One of the strategies to deal with salinity is inoculation of seeds with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR).
Background and objectives: Soil and water salinity is the major limiting factors for plant growth and crop production. Water and soil salinity almost limit plant growth through increasing osmotic pressure, specific toxicity of some ions such as sodium and color, and nutritional imbalance. In addition to, salinity stress reduces root and plant growth via increasing hormone level. One of the strategies to deal with salinity is inoculation of seeds with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR).
Materials and methods: The effect of four strains of Fluorescent pseudomonads on uptake of micronutrients in rice was studied under saline irrigation. Greenhouse tests were performed as factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with four replications. First factor was salinity water in five levels (0.7, 1.4, 2.8, 4.2 and 5.6 ds/m originated from sea water) and the second factor was pseudomonads strains (Pseudomonas putida 4, 11 and 108, and Pseudomonas fluorescens 169 and a non-inoculated control). Root of rice (cv. Tarom) transplants was inoculated with mentined strains before planting in pots. During growth period, the pots were irrigated with the abovementioned saline water upto saturation point. In the flowering stage, flag leaf samples were collected to determine Manganese, Iron, Zinc and copper concentration. The content of micronutrients in seed samples was also measured.
Results: The results showed that increasing the salinity level significantly reduced all microelements contents in the leaf and seed. Rice inoculation with different strains of P. fluorescens and P. putida affected on nutrients concentrations under saline irrigation and it increased content of the elements compared to control. Also, the interaction of Pseudomonas strain × salinity level had a significant effect on copper and iron concentration in leaf, and copper and Manganese concentration in seed (P < 0.01). At all salinity levels, maximum iron concentration observed by inoculation of roots with P.fluorescent 169.
Conclusion: Inoculation of rice with various strains of bacteria Fluorescent pseudomonads and putida affected the concentration of micronutrients under saline water irrigation in rice and caused to increase these elements more than control. Therefore, in saline conditions, using strains of Fluorescent Pseudomonas can be growth up of rice plant.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Plant Growth Promoting bacteria
  • Rice
  • Salinity stress
  • Elements nutrient

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مجله مدیریت خاک و تولید پایدار
دوره 10، شماره 2
شهریور 1399
صفحه 107-123

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