تأثیر آلومینیم سولفات و آهن سولفات بر رفتار جذب روی و توزیع شکل‌های شیمیایی روی در خاک آهکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی‌ارشد، گروه علوم خاک، دانشگاه ارومیه

2 استاد، گروه علوم خاک، دانشگاه ارومیه

3 دانش‌آموخته دکتری، گروه علوم خاک، دانشگاه ارومیه

چکیده

سابقه و هدف: در سال های اخیراستفاده از ترکیباتی مانند آلومینیم سولفات در باغات و زمین های کشاورزی به عنوان جایگزینی برای سولفوریک اسید در نتیجه خطرات زیاد و نیاز به ابزار و تجهیزات ویژه در هنگام استفاده از آن، و همچنین به عنوان جایگزینی برای گوگرد عنصری به دلیل سرعت کند اکسایش آن در شرایط نامساعد خاک آهکی، مورد توجه کشاورزان قرار گرفته است؛ بدین منظور پژوهش حاضر برای بررسی تأثیر تیمار آلومینیم سولفات و تیمار آهن سولفات بر رفتار جذب روی و توزیع شکل های شیمیایی روی در خاک آهکی انجام شد.

مواد و روش‌ها: برای خنثی سازی آهک به ترتیب مقادیر 21/22 و 8/27 گرم از تیمار آلومینیم سولفات و تیمار آهن سولفات به 500 گرم خاک افزوده شد. با توجه به آزمایش سینتیک آزادسازی روی و به دست آوردن بالاترین مقدار از روی قابل دسترس (Zn-DTPA) در هفته ی دوم، نمونه ها به مدت دو هفته در رطوبت ظرفیت مزرعه ای (FC) و دمای 1±25 درجه سلسیوس در شرایط انکوباسیون قرارداده شدند و در پایان انکوباسیون، همدمای جذب در سری غلظتی 0، 30،90، 120، 150، 200، 250 و 300 میلی گرم بر لیتر روی با محلول زمینه کلسیم کلرید 01/0 مولار انجام گرفت؛ روی قابل دسترس به روش DTPA و شکل های شیمیایی مختلف روی به روش عصاره گیری دنباله ای تسییر تعیین شدند.

یافته‌ها :افزودن آلومینیم سولفات سبب کاهش جذب روی و اعمال تیمار آهن سولفات به خاک باعث افزایش جذب روی در خاک شد. برازش غیرخطی داده‌های آزمایشی توسط نرم‌افزار Solver با معادلات جذب لانگمویر، فروندلیچ، تمکلین و دوبینین–رادوشکویچ نشان داد که معادله فروندلیچ با بالاترین ضریب تبیین (R2) و پائین ترین SE بهترین برازش را بر داده های آزمایشی داشت و میزان پارامترهای ظرفیت جذب (qmax, B, KF, qD) و شدت جذب (KT, KL, n) با افزودن تیمار آلومینیم سولفات کاهش و با اعمال تیمار آهن سولفات افزایش یافت. همچنین پارامتر E معادله دوبینین- رادوشکویچ در تیمارهای مورد مطالعه کمتر از 8 کیلوژول بر مول بدست آمد که بیانگر جذب فیزیکی و یا تبادلی روی در خاک مورد مطالعه بود. شاخص شدت جذب (SI)، نشانگر کاهش تمایل خاک به جذب روی در خاک تیمار شده با تیمار آلومینیم سولفات و افزایش تمایل خاک به جذب روی در خاک تیمار شده با آهن سولفات بود. با کاربرد تیمار آلومینیم سولفات به خاک مورد مطالعه شکل تبادلی کاهش و شکل کربناتی افزایش یافت؛ تیمار آهن سولفات نیز با کاهش معنادار شکل تبادلی روی، سبب افزایش شکل اکسیدی و کربناتی روی گردید.

نتیجه‌گیری: در نهایت می توان نتیجه گرفت که تیمار آهن سولفات با تبدیل روی از شکل های ناپایدار (تبادلی) به شکل پایدار (اکسیدی)، موجب کاهش قابلیت دسترسی روی شد و آلومینیم سولفات به دلیل کاهش جذب روی در خاک سبب افزایش روی قابل دسترس گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of aluminum sulfate and iron sulfate on adsorption behavior and distribution of chemical forms of zinc in a calcareous soil

نویسندگان [English]

  • samira Ravan 1
  • ebrahim sepehr 2
  • roghayeh hamzenejad 3
1 urmia university, Department of soil science
2 urmia university Chemistry and fertility
3 Lake Urmia Research Institute
چکیده [English]

Background and objectives: In recent years, the use of aluminum sulfate has been considered by farmers as an alternative compound to sulfuric acid due to the high risks and the need for special tools and equipment inorder to use, as well as elemental sulfur due to the slowly oxidation in unsuitable conditions of calcareous soil in vineyards and agriculture lands. For this purpose, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of aluminum sulfate and iron sulfate on the adsorption and chemical forms of zinc in a calcareous soil.

Materials and methods: The amounts of 22.21 and 27.8 g of aluminum sulfate and iron sulfate calculated for neutralizing of 2% of lime of soil, respectively, and were added to 500 g of soil. The samples were incubated for two weeks at 25 ± 1 ° C under field capacity (FC) condition. At the end of incubation, adsorption experiments carried out with different initial concentration of Zn (0, 30, 90, 120, 150, 200, 250 and 300 mg L-1 Zn) with 0.01 M Calcium chloride as a background solution, Zn-extractable by DTPA method and Zinc distribution by Tessier sequential extraction method were determined.

Results: The results showed that adding of aluminum sulfate treatment and iron sulfate treatment to soil reduced and increased zinc adsorption, respectively. Nonlinear fitting of experimental data showed that the Freundlich model (with highest R2 and lowest SE) was better fitted to the experimental data compared to the Langmuir, Temkin, and Doublebin-Raduskvich models, and sorption capacity factors (qmax, B, KF, qD) and sorption energy factors (KT, KL, n) decreased with application of aluminum sulfate treatment but increased with application of iron sulfate treatment . The sorption energy parameter (E) of Dubinin-Radushkevich was less than 8 KJ mol-1, indicating that the Zn adsorption process was physical or Exchangeable. The sorption intensity (SI) index of zinc decreased with application of aluminum sulfate treatment and increased with application of iron sulfate treatment, respectively. Application of aluminum sulfate treatment reduced the exchangeable form of zinc and increased carbonate form, while the application of iron sulfate treatment significantly decreased the exchangeable form and increased oxide forms.


Conclusion: It was concluded that application of aluminum sulfate treatment in soil lead to transformation of the zinc from insoluble forms into more soluble forms and increased zinc bioavailability, while the application of iron sulfate treatment decreased Zn bioavailability due to
reduction of zinc absorption in the soil.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sequential extraction
  • DTPA-zinc
  • Adsorption equation
  • Iron
  • Aluminum

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مجله مدیریت خاک و تولید پایدار
دوره 10، شماره 3
آذر 1399
صفحه 167-182

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